Fireworks Declared Illegal Without Permits as Animal Welfare Groups Warn of Zero Tolerance

Animal welfare authorities and law enforcement agencies have renewed warnings that the illegal sale, possession and use of fireworks will not be tolerated, stressing that fireworks are classified as explosives and that their misuse constitutes animal abuse under South African law.

Legal consequences for both sellers and users of fireworks who operate outside the law

The warning follows the circulation of a public notice issued by the South African Animal Welfare Inspectorate Association (SAAWIA), which highlights the legal consequences for both sellers and users of fireworks who operate outside the law. Authorities have confirmed that enforcement will be stepped up, particularly during festive periods when illegal fireworks activity typically increases.

Under the Explosives Act, 15 of 2003, fireworks are legally classified as explosives. This means that no person may sell, possess or use fireworks without the required permits and licences issued by the South African Police Service (SAPS). Municipal by-laws further restrict where and when fireworks may be used, with some municipalities imposing outright bans. Officials have reiterated that the absence of a valid permit automatically renders any fireworks activity illegal.

Organisations have also emphasised that fireworks-related distress falls under the Animals Protection Act

Animal welfare organisations have also emphasised that fireworks-related distress falls under the Animals Protection Act, 71 of 1962. The Act makes it a criminal offence to cause fear, distress, suffering, injury or death to animals. Fireworks are known to trigger extreme distress in pets, livestock and wildlife, often resulting in injuries, animals fleeing their homes, or fatal outcomes. Vulnerable groups such as the elderly, people suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder, and community members with sensory sensitivities are also adversely affected by loud explosive noises.

Authorities have confirmed that both sellers and users of fireworks can face criminal charges. Offences include selling fireworks without a valid SAPS explosives licence, storing fireworks illegally, igniting fireworks without authorisation, and causing harm or distress to animals through their use. Penalties may include confiscation of stock, heavy fines and possible imprisonment.

Fireworks sales are subject to strict conditions

Retailers have been reminded that legal fireworks sales are subject to strict conditions. Shops must display a valid SAPS explosives licence, store fireworks securely, comply with all municipal regulations, and sell only during approved periods. Any deviation from these requirements exposes sellers to criminal prosecution.

Members of the public are encouraged to report illegal fireworks activity rather than confronting offenders directly. Reports should include the date, time and location of the incident, and where possible, photographic or video evidence collected safely. Authorities advise noting shop names, individuals involved or vehicle details. Reports can be made to SAPS, municipal law enforcement, SAAWIA or a local SPCA.

Law enforcement agencies have reiterated that fireworks are not a right and that animal abuse is a serious criminal offence. Communities are urged to work together to protect animals and vulnerable residents by reporting illegal fireworks and complying fully with the law.